Joaquín Torres García (28 July 1874 – 8 August 1949) was a Uruguayan-Spanish artist, sculptor, muralist, novelist, writer, teacher, and theorist born in Montevideo, Uruguay. As an adolescent emigrated to Catalunya, Spain, where he began his career as an artist. He lived and worked primarily in Spain, and was also active in the United States, Italy, France, and Uruguay. Torres-García is known for creating the prominent art movements Modern Classicism and Universal Constructivism.